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Target not currently curated in GtoImmuPdb
Target id: 516
Nomenclature: K2P4.1
Abbreviated Name: TRAAK1
Gene and Protein Information  |
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| Species | TM | P Loops | AA | Chromosomal Location | Gene Symbol | Gene Name | Reference |
| Human | 4 | 2 | 393 | 11q13.1 | KCNK4 | potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 4 | 5 |
| Mouse | 4 | 2 | 398 | 19 5.08 cM | Kcnk4 | potassium channel, subfamily K, member 4 | |
| Rat | 4 | 2 | 397 | 1q43 | Kcnk4 | potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 4 | |
| Previous and Unofficial Names |
| TRAAK | KT4.1 | potassium channel, subfamily K, member 4 | potassium channel, two pore domain subfamily K, member 4 | potassium channel |
| Database Links |
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| Alphafold | Q9NYG8 (Hs), O88454 (Mm) |
| ChEMBL Target | CHEMBL3714486 (Hs) |
| Ensembl Gene | ENSG00000182450 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000024957 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000021140 (Rn) |
| Entrez Gene | 50801 (Hs), 16528 (Mm), 116489 (Rn) |
| Human Protein Atlas | ENSG00000182450 (Hs) |
| KEGG Gene | hsa:50801 (Hs), mmu:16528 (Mm), rno:116489 (Rn) |
| OMIM | 605720 (Hs) |
| Pharos | Q9NYG8 (Hs) |
| RefSeq Nucleotide | NM_033310 (Hs), NM_008431 (Mm), NM_053804 (Rn) |
| RefSeq Protein | NP_201567 (Hs), NP_032457 (Mm), NP_446256 (Rn) |
| UniProtKB | Q9NYG8 (Hs), O88454 (Mm) |
| Wikipedia | KCNK4 (Hs) |
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| Associated Protein Comments | ||||||||||||||||||||
| No heteromultimers have been shown to form in vivo. Protein-protein interactions: No in vivo or in vitro partners reported to date. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Functional Characteristics |
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| Background current | |
Download all structure-activity data for this target as a CSV file 
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| Key to terms and symbols | View all chemical structures | Click column headers to sort | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Activator Comments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mechanical stress [6], heat [3], some unsaturated fatty acids [2] and lysophospholipids [7] have been reported to activate K2P4.1 voltage gated ion channels. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Tissue Distribution
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| Tissue Distribution Comments | ||||||||||
| Unlike TWIK-1, TREK-1 and TASK which are widely distributed in many different mouse tissues, TRAAK is present exclusively in brain, spinal cord and retina in mice [2]. | ||||||||||
| Biologically Significant Variant Comments |
| Two splice variants have been identified from the human gene [8]. Six splice variants are predicted from the mouse gene by automated sequencing and computational analysis (XP_00652779 to XP_00652784), as well as a truncated variant produced by exon skipping [2]. The pharmacological and physiological significance of these variants is unknown. |
| General Comments |
| 'Activation' and 'deactivation' with voltage steps appear to be instantaneous. Knockout mice have no obvious phenotype. The open probability of K2P4.1 increases with temperature with an activation threshold of 31oC in COS-7 cells. |
1. Duprat F, Lesage F, Patel AJ, Fink M, Romey G, Lazdunski M. (2000) The neuroprotective agent riluzole activates the two P domain K(+) channels TREK-1 and TRAAK. Mol Pharmacol, 57 (5): 906-12. [PMID:10779373]
2. Fink M, Lesage F, Duprat F, Heurteaux C, Reyes R, Fosset M, Lazdunski M. (1998) A neuronal two P domain K+ channel stimulated by arachidonic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids. EMBO J, 17 (12): 3297-308. [PMID:9628867]
3. Kang D, Choe C, Kim D. (2005) Thermosensitivity of the two-pore domain K+ channels TREK-2 and TRAAK. J Physiol (Lond.), 564 (Pt 1): 103-16. [PMID:15677687]
4. Kim D, Sladek CD, Aguado-Velasco C, Mathiasen JR. (1995) Arachidonic acid activation of a new family of K+ channels in cultured rat neuronal cells. J Physiol (Lond.), 484 ( Pt 3): 643-60. [PMID:7623282]
5. Lesage F, Maingret F, Lazdunski M. (2000) Cloning and expression of human TRAAK, a polyunsaturated fatty acids-activated and mechano-sensitive K(+) channel. FEBS Lett, 471 (2-3): 137-40. [PMID:10767409]
6. Maingret F, Fosset M, Lesage F, Lazdunski M, Honoré E. (1999) TRAAK is a mammalian neuronal mechano-gated K+ channel. J Biol Chem, 274 (3): 1381-7. [PMID:9880510]
7. Maingret F, Patel AJ, Lesage F, Lazdunski M, Honoré E. (2000) Lysophospholipids open the two-pore domain mechano-gated K(+) channels TREK-1 and TRAAK. J Biol Chem, 275 (14): 10128-33. [PMID:10744694]
8. Ozaita A, Vega-Saenz de Miera E. (2002) Cloning of two transcripts, HKT4.1a and HKT4.1b, from the human two-pore K+ channel gene KCNK4. Chromosomal localization, tissue distribution and functional expression. Brain Res Mol Brain Res, 102 (1-2): 18-27. [PMID:12191490]
9. Reyes R, Lauritzen I, Lesage F, Ettaiche M, Fosset M, Lazdunski M. (2000) Immunolocalization of the arachidonic acid and mechanosensitive baseline traak potassium channel in the nervous system. Neuroscience, 95 (3): 893-901. [PMID:10670456]
